Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire, composed his autobiography 'Tuzuk-i-Baburi' in his mother tongue, Chaghatai Turkish. During Akbar's reign, Abdur Rahim Khan-i-Khanan translated it into Persian, after which it became popularly known as 'Baburnama'. In 1826, John Leyden and William Erskine published the first major English translation from the Persian text. (Later, Annette Beveridge published an English translation directly from the original Turkish text in 1905).