The 'Periplus of the Erythraean Sea' was authored in the 1st century AD (c. mid-to-late 1st century) by an anonymous Greek merchant-sailor based in Roman Egypt. It serves as an invaluable primary navigational and commercial handbook documenting maritime ports, routes, and trade commodities between the Roman Empire and India. Since the author remains anonymous and is not listed in options (a) through (d), the correct answer under the BPSC pattern is (e) 'None of the above'.